Therapeutic and Systemic Models for Complex Trauma Care
Complex trauma is a life-altering experience that requires care grounded in an understanding of the depth of the harm, its effects on the body, mind, and significant interpersonal relationships, and the need for a safe and supportive environment in which trauma can be held and processed as part of the recovery process. Our comprehensive review presents leading international models for complex trauma care and provides a broad overview of the clinical and systemic approaches currently at the forefront of knowledge in the field.
The review traces the development of research in this field and presents a range of models, from phase-based treatment (PBT) and integrative approaches based on dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) to systemic approaches such as trauma-informed care and holistic organizational frameworks such as the Sanctuary Model. Each model is examined in depth, including its guiding principles, intended populations, advantages, and implementation challenges.
The review emphasizes that complex trauma care involves more than processing traumatic memories. It is a comprehensive process that includes establishing stability, developing emotional-regulation skills, rebuilding one’s identity, and restoring relationships. It also highlights the importance of trauma-informed therapeutic environments that foster a safe, consistent, and sensitive organizational culture—an essential foundation for recovery.
The knowledge gathered through this review provides a foundation for understanding the distinctive nature of the Eden Model: a unique, integrative model developed specifically for women who have experienced prolonged trauma. The model combines therapeutic approaches, systemic practice, and a gender-sensitive perspective.
The review invites professionals, researchers, and policymakers to deepen their understanding of existing models and explore how they can be implemented effectively within therapeutic settings in Israel, creating genuine spaces of healing, stability, and growth for women and girls.